Guide to video formats in 2023
Video files may undoubtedly be identified as one of the most popular and commonly utilised sorts of data (increasingly, thanks to the higher speed of the available network connections).
We can observe that this type of data can be stored in a number of different forms, all of which are widely used. This article’s objective is to look at the alternatives while pointing out the similarities and distinctions between the different video formats.
What is a CODEC in video formats?
For those who are unfamiliar, a CODEC is a programme that deals with converting an analogue stream (audio or video) into digital through encoding and decoding. This transition happens as a result of the original signal being “lightened” by compression, making it simpler to store and/or transmit.
Several CODECs exist, each with unique properties that translate into various video file formats. We’ll examine these traits in the sections that follow by looking at the various video file formats that are currently accessible.
The AVI in video formats
First and foremost, it was significant historically because it was the first to make PCs capable of handling video-type data. The AVI format is based on an MCI (Media Control Interface) driver, a piece of software that connects a particular programme to a graphics card and enables smooth communication between the two.
Wide generality of usage is ensured by the support of numerous compression codecs, such as SuperMac Cinepak, MS Video 1, and M-Jpeg. Furthermore, it ensures very high levels of interoperability with non-linear editing programmes.
The MOV video formats
This is the primary multimedia extension for Mac OS-like platforms and Apple’s exclusive video format. The MOV format is now a different option to be taken into consideration for any type of calculator, given the spread and popularity of the Apple-branded system. The concept behind this format calls for the dynamic integration of various data kinds, including as music, video, and animations, in special programmes known as movies.
The three primary compression algorithms included in QuickTime (the primary programme for viewing files in the MOV format) are JPEG (for photos), the video compressor (for videos; this compression method is exclusive to Apple), and the animation compressor (animations, computer graphics ).
Multimedia goods benefit greatly from the MOV format (such as CD-ROMs). In spite of the fact that it lacks a hardware variation, which is essentially necessary for full motion, it may also be used for tiny Digital Video projects.
The Moving Picture Expert Group’s MPEG-2 format Standard is appropriate for broadcast-style projects ( NTSC , PAL ). Hardware that is exceptionally powerful is needed for capture and compression. Hence, we are not aiming for the general public; rather, we are after televisions, satellite channels, and DVD makers. For the MPEG-2 format, specialised software encoders and players have been created.
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DV and HDV Video formats
The DV format is an entirely digital video recording format that is excellent for non-linear editing processes. The HDV format represents the growth of high definition and was created as a result of a technical pact between four industry titans, including Canon, JVC, Sharp, and Sony.
High resolution HDV video can be captured via the Firewire connection, which is often used to link a camcorder to a PC. The format, nevertheless, is different from that employed for MiniDv acquisition. While the MiniDv format employs a completely different codec from HDV, HDV uses a high quality MPEG2 file that is embedded on MiniDv tapes. So, regardless of the type of linked camera, it is essential to be able to notice this variation at the software level and manage it.
The HDV format is adequately supported by the most popular video editing programmes (Adobe Premiere, Sony Vegas, and Pinnacle Studio 10 Plus). However, it could be essential to employ compatible plugins for other editing tools.
the FLM format, which is exclusive to Adobe. One file with several resolutions of each frame in the assembled sequence is present. This file has a very large disc capacity, as you might expect, therefore playback is very sluggish.
Hence, the FLV format cannot be utilised for playback but rather for editing, such as for developing frame-by-frame photo editing methods. The audio part is not handled because this format is solely used as a pass for video modifications.
The FLM video formats
The most recent versions of Flash support managing FLV-formatted videos, which enable fully adjustable levels of compression, resolution, and quality.
Flash technology is actually available for all computers and operating systems and is actually already installed on the majority of computers with Internet access, which is one of its additional noteworthy benefits. Also, it works with the majority of the networks’ video uploading systems.
The 3GP video formats
The relatively new 3GP format, which is associated with the ongoing technical advancement of mobile devices, denotes a specific file type created to work with video telephony services, such as those used for recording multimedia files on mobile devices or smartphones.
Microsoft Windows Media video Formats
Microsoft is essentially attempting to harmonise several video formats. WMV (or WMA) type files were able to spread on the internet, though not to the extent that the developers had hoped. This was only partially successful.
Use of the MPEG-4 codec, which ensures great performance even at relatively low bitrate levels, is one of the benefits made available. Also, the quality and efficiency of online video streaming activities are guaranteed to be quite high.
The MKV video formats
The Matroska format, sometimes known as the extension for files in this format and officially known as MKV, is not, strictly speaking, a video codec or an audio compression format. Like a Matryoshka holds additional, smaller Matryoshkas inside, it is a multimedia container that can store many audio, video, and subtitle streams in a single file.
It is a multiplatform format that also enables high definition viewing of video and audio content, much like a Blu-Ray. It is also possible to scale back the created file’s size, although doing so will result in a proportional drop in quality.